public final class YearMonth extends Object implements Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, Comparable<YearMonth>, Serializable
2007-12
.
YearMonth
is an immutable date-time object that represents the combination
of a year and month. Any field that can be derived from a year and month, such as
quarter-of-year, can be obtained.
This class does not store or represent a day, time or time-zone.
For example, the value "October 2007" can be stored in a YearMonth
.
The ISO-8601 calendar system is the modern civil calendar system used today in most of the world. It is equivalent to the proleptic Gregorian calendar system, in which today's rules for leap years are applied for all time. For most applications written today, the ISO-8601 rules are entirely suitable. However, any application that makes use of historical dates, and requires them to be accurate will find the ISO-8601 approach unsuitable.
This is a value-based
class; use of identity-sensitive operations (including reference equality
(==
), identity hash code, or synchronization) on instances of
YearMonth
may have unpredictable results and should be avoided.
The equals
method should be used for comparisons.
This class is immutable and thread-safe.
Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
---|---|
Temporal |
adjustInto(Temporal temporal)
Adjusts the specified temporal object to have this year-month.
|
LocalDate |
atDay(int dayOfMonth)
Combines this year-month with a day-of-month to create a
LocalDate . |
LocalDate |
atEndOfMonth()
Returns a
LocalDate at the end of the month. |
int |
compareTo(YearMonth other)
Compares this year-month to another year-month.
|
boolean |
equals(Object obj)
Checks if this year-month is equal to another year-month.
|
static YearMonth |
from(TemporalAccessor temporal)
Obtains an instance of
YearMonth from a temporal object. |
int |
get(TemporalField field)
Gets the value of the specified field from this year-month as an
int . |
long |
getLong(TemporalField field)
Gets the value of the specified field from this year-month as a
long . |
Month |
getMonth()
Gets the month-of-year field using the
Month enum. |
int |
getMonthValue()
Gets the month-of-year field from 1 to 12.
|
int |
getYear()
Gets the year field.
|
int |
hashCode()
A hash code for this year-month.
|
boolean |
isAfter(YearMonth other)
Checks if this year-month is after the specified year-month.
|
boolean |
isBefore(YearMonth other)
Checks if this year-month is before the specified year-month.
|
boolean |
isLeapYear()
Checks if the year is a leap year, according to the ISO proleptic
calendar system rules.
|
boolean |
isSupported(TemporalField field)
Checks if the specified field is supported.
|
boolean |
isSupported(TemporalUnit unit)
Checks if the specified unit is supported.
|
boolean |
isValidDay(int dayOfMonth)
Checks if the day-of-month is valid for this year-month.
|
int |
lengthOfMonth()
Returns the length of the month, taking account of the year.
|
int |
lengthOfYear()
Returns the length of the year.
|
YearMonth |
minus(long amountToSubtract,
TemporalUnit unit)
Returns a copy of this year-month with the specified amount subtracted.
|
YearMonth |
minus(TemporalAmount amountToSubtract)
Returns a copy of this year-month with the specified amount subtracted.
|
YearMonth |
minusMonths(long monthsToSubtract)
Returns a copy of this
YearMonth with the specified number of months subtracted. |
YearMonth |
minusYears(long yearsToSubtract)
Returns a copy of this
YearMonth with the specified number of years subtracted. |
static YearMonth |
now()
Obtains the current year-month from the system clock in the default time-zone.
|
static YearMonth |
now(Clock clock)
Obtains the current year-month from the specified clock.
|
static YearMonth |
now(ZoneId zone)
Obtains the current year-month from the system clock in the specified time-zone.
|
static YearMonth |
of(int year,
int month)
Obtains an instance of
YearMonth from a year and month. |
static YearMonth |
of(int year,
Month month)
Obtains an instance of
YearMonth from a year and month. |
YearMonth |
plus(long amountToAdd,
TemporalUnit unit)
Returns a copy of this year-month with the specified amount added.
|
YearMonth |
plus(TemporalAmount amountToAdd)
Returns a copy of this year-month with the specified amount added.
|
YearMonth |
plusMonths(long monthsToAdd)
Returns a copy of this
YearMonth with the specified number of months added. |
YearMonth |
plusYears(long yearsToAdd)
Returns a copy of this
YearMonth with the specified number of years added. |
<R> R |
query(TemporalQuery<R> query)
Queries this year-month using the specified query.
|
ValueRange |
range(TemporalField field)
Gets the range of valid values for the specified field.
|
String |
toString()
Outputs this year-month as a
String , such as 2007-12 . |
long |
until(Temporal endExclusive,
TemporalUnit unit)
Calculates the amount of time until another year-month in terms of the specified unit.
|
YearMonth |
with(TemporalAdjuster adjuster)
Returns an adjusted copy of this year-month.
|
YearMonth |
with(TemporalField field,
long newValue)
Returns a copy of this year-month with the specified field set to a new value.
|
YearMonth |
withMonth(int month)
Returns a copy of this
YearMonth with the month-of-year altered. |
YearMonth |
withYear(int year)
Returns a copy of this
YearMonth with the year altered. |
public Temporal adjustInto(Temporal temporal)
This returns a temporal object of the same observable type as the input with the year and month changed to be the same as this.
The adjustment is equivalent to using Temporal.with(TemporalField, long)
passing ChronoField.PROLEPTIC_MONTH
as the field.
If the specified temporal object does not use the ISO calendar system then
a DateTimeException
is thrown.
In most cases, it is clearer to reverse the calling pattern by using
Temporal.with(TemporalAdjuster)
:
// these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended temporal = thisYearMonth.adjustInto(temporal); temporal = temporal.with(thisYearMonth);
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
adjustInto
in interface TemporalAdjuster
temporal
- the target object to be adjusted, not nullDateTimeException
- if unable to make the adjustmentpublic LocalDate atDay(int dayOfMonth)
LocalDate
.
This returns a LocalDate
formed from this year-month and the specified day-of-month.
The day-of-month value must be valid for the year-month.
This method can be used as part of a chain to produce a date:
LocalDate date = year.atMonth(month).atDay(day);
dayOfMonth
- the day-of-month to use, from 1 to 31DateTimeException
- if the day is invalid for the year-monthisValidDay(int)
public LocalDate atEndOfMonth()
LocalDate
at the end of the month.
This returns a LocalDate
based on this year-month.
The day-of-month is set to the last valid day of the month, taking
into account leap years.
This method can be used as part of a chain to produce a date:
LocalDate date = year.atMonth(month).atEndOfMonth();
public int compareTo(YearMonth other)
The comparison is based first on the value of the year, then on the value of the month.
It is "consistent with equals", as defined by Comparable
.
compareTo
in interface Comparable<YearMonth>
other
- the other year-month to compare to, not nullpublic boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj)
The comparison is based on the time-line position of the year-months.
equals
in class Object
obj
- the object to check, null returns falseObject.hashCode()
,
HashMap
public static YearMonth from(TemporalAccessor temporal)
YearMonth
from a temporal object.
This obtains a year-month based on the specified temporal.
A TemporalAccessor
represents an arbitrary set of date and time information,
which this factory converts to an instance of YearMonth
.
The conversion extracts the YEAR
and
MONTH_OF_YEAR
fields.
The extraction is only permitted if the temporal object has an ISO
chronology, or can be converted to a LocalDate
.
This method matches the signature of the functional interface TemporalQuery
allowing it to be used as a query via method reference, YearMonth::from
.
temporal
- the temporal object to convert, not nullDateTimeException
- if unable to convert to a YearMonth
public int get(TemporalField field)
int
.
This queries this year-month for the value of the specified field. The returned value will always be within the valid range of values for the field. If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
If the field is a ChronoField
then the query is implemented here.
The supported fields
will return valid
values based on this year-month, except PROLEPTIC_MONTH
which is too
large to fit in an int
and throw a DateTimeException
.
All other ChronoField
instances will throw an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException
.
If the field is not a ChronoField
, then the result of this method
is obtained by invoking TemporalField.getFrom(TemporalAccessor)
passing this
as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained,
and what the value represents, is determined by the field.
get
in interface TemporalAccessor
field
- the field to get, not nullDateTimeException
- if a value for the field cannot be obtained or
the value is outside the range of valid values for the fieldUnsupportedTemporalTypeException
- if the field is not supported or
the range of values exceeds an int
public long getLong(TemporalField field)
long
.
This queries this year-month for the value of the specified field. If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
If the field is a ChronoField
then the query is implemented here.
The supported fields
will return valid
values based on this year-month.
All other ChronoField
instances will throw an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException
.
If the field is not a ChronoField
, then the result of this method
is obtained by invoking TemporalField.getFrom(TemporalAccessor)
passing this
as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained,
and what the value represents, is determined by the field.
getLong
in interface TemporalAccessor
field
- the field to get, not nullDateTimeException
- if a value for the field cannot be obtainedUnsupportedTemporalTypeException
- if the field is not supportedpublic Month getMonth()
Month
enum.
This method returns the enum Month
for the month.
This avoids confusion as to what int
values mean.
If you need access to the primitive int
value then the enum
provides the int value
.
getMonthValue()
public int getMonthValue()
This method returns the month as an int
from 1 to 12.
Application code is frequently clearer if the enum Month
is used by calling getMonth()
.
getMonth()
public int getYear()
This method returns the primitive int
value for the year.
The year returned by this method is proleptic as per get(YEAR)
.
public int hashCode()
hashCode
in class Object
Object.equals(java.lang.Object)
,
System.identityHashCode(java.lang.Object)
public boolean isAfter(YearMonth other)
other
- the other year-month to compare to, not nullpublic boolean isBefore(YearMonth other)
other
- the other year-month to compare to, not nullpublic boolean isLeapYear()
This method applies the current rules for leap years across the whole time-line. In general, a year is a leap year if it is divisible by four without remainder. However, years divisible by 100, are not leap years, with the exception of years divisible by 400 which are.
For example, 1904 is a leap year it is divisible by 4. 1900 was not a leap year as it is divisible by 100, however 2000 was a leap year as it is divisible by 400.
The calculation is proleptic - applying the same rules into the far future and far past. This is historically inaccurate, but is correct for the ISO-8601 standard.
public boolean isSupported(@Nullable TemporalField field)
This checks if this year-month can be queried for the specified field.
If false, then calling the range
,
get
and with(TemporalField, long)
methods will throw an exception.
If the field is a ChronoField
then the query is implemented here.
The supported fields are:
MONTH_OF_YEAR
PROLEPTIC_MONTH
YEAR_OF_ERA
YEAR
ERA
ChronoField
instances will return false.
If the field is not a ChronoField
, then the result of this method
is obtained by invoking TemporalField.isSupportedBy(TemporalAccessor)
passing this
as the argument.
Whether the field is supported is determined by the field.
isSupported
in interface TemporalAccessor
field
- the field to check, null returns falsepublic boolean isSupported(@Nullable TemporalUnit unit)
This checks if the specified unit can be added to, or subtracted from, this year-month.
If false, then calling the plus(long, TemporalUnit)
and
minus
methods will throw an exception.
If the unit is a ChronoUnit
then the query is implemented here.
The supported units are:
MONTHS
YEARS
DECADES
CENTURIES
MILLENNIA
ERAS
ChronoUnit
instances will return false.
If the unit is not a ChronoUnit
, then the result of this method
is obtained by invoking TemporalUnit.isSupportedBy(Temporal)
passing this
as the argument.
Whether the unit is supported is determined by the unit.
isSupported
in interface Temporal
unit
- the unit to check, null returns falsepublic boolean isValidDay(int dayOfMonth)
This method checks whether this year and month and the input day form a valid date.
dayOfMonth
- the day-of-month to validate, from 1 to 31, invalid value returns falsepublic int lengthOfMonth()
This returns the length of the month in days. For example, a date in January would return 31.
public int lengthOfYear()
This returns the length of the year in days, either 365 or 366.
public YearMonth minus(long amountToSubtract, TemporalUnit unit)
This returns a YearMonth
, based on this one, with the amount
in terms of the unit subtracted. If it is not possible to subtract the amount,
because the unit is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
This method is equivalent to plus(long, TemporalUnit)
with the amount negated.
See that method for a full description of how addition, and thus subtraction, works.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
minus
in interface Temporal
amountToSubtract
- the amount of the unit to subtract from the result, may be negativeunit
- the unit of the amount to subtract, not nullYearMonth
based on this year-month with the specified amount subtracted, not nullDateTimeException
- if the subtraction cannot be madeUnsupportedTemporalTypeException
- if the unit is not supportedpublic YearMonth minus(TemporalAmount amountToSubtract)
This returns a YearMonth
, based on this one, with the specified amount subtracted.
The amount is typically Period
but may be any other type implementing
the TemporalAmount
interface.
The calculation is delegated to the amount object by calling
TemporalAmount.subtractFrom(Temporal)
. The amount implementation is free
to implement the subtraction in any way it wishes, however it typically
calls back to minus(long, TemporalUnit)
. Consult the documentation
of the amount implementation to determine if it can be successfully subtracted.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
minus
in interface Temporal
amountToSubtract
- the amount to subtract, not nullYearMonth
based on this year-month with the subtraction made, not nullDateTimeException
- if the subtraction cannot be madepublic YearMonth minusMonths(long monthsToSubtract)
YearMonth
with the specified number of months subtracted.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
monthsToSubtract
- the months to subtract, may be negativeYearMonth
based on this year-month with the months subtracted, not nullDateTimeException
- if the result exceeds the supported rangepublic YearMonth minusYears(long yearsToSubtract)
YearMonth
with the specified number of years subtracted.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
yearsToSubtract
- the years to subtract, may be negativeYearMonth
based on this year-month with the years subtracted, not nullDateTimeException
- if the result exceeds the supported rangepublic static YearMonth now()
This will query the system clock
in the default
time-zone to obtain the current year-month.
Using this method will prevent the ability to use an alternate clock for testing because the clock is hard-coded.
public static YearMonth now(Clock clock)
This will query the specified clock to obtain the current year-month.
Using this method allows the use of an alternate clock for testing.
The alternate clock may be introduced using dependency injection
.
clock
- the clock to use, not nullpublic static YearMonth now(ZoneId zone)
This will query the system clock
to obtain the current year-month.
Specifying the time-zone avoids dependence on the default time-zone.
Using this method will prevent the ability to use an alternate clock for testing because the clock is hard-coded.
zone
- the zone ID to use, not nullpublic static YearMonth of(int year, int month)
YearMonth
from a year and month.year
- the year to represent, from MIN_YEAR to MAX_YEARmonth
- the month-of-year to represent, from 1 (January) to 12 (December)DateTimeException
- if either field value is invalidpublic static YearMonth of(int year, Month month)
YearMonth
from a year and month.year
- the year to represent, from MIN_YEAR to MAX_YEARmonth
- the month-of-year to represent, not nullDateTimeException
- if the year value is invalidpublic YearMonth plus(long amountToAdd, TemporalUnit unit)
This returns a YearMonth
, based on this one, with the amount
in terms of the unit added. If it is not possible to add the amount, because the
unit is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
If the field is a ChronoUnit
then the addition is implemented here.
The supported fields behave as follows:
MONTHS
-
Returns a YearMonth
with the specified number of months added.
This is equivalent to plusMonths(long)
.
YEARS
-
Returns a YearMonth
with the specified number of years added.
This is equivalent to plusYears(long)
.
DECADES
-
Returns a YearMonth
with the specified number of decades added.
This is equivalent to calling plusYears(long)
with the amount
multiplied by 10.
CENTURIES
-
Returns a YearMonth
with the specified number of centuries added.
This is equivalent to calling plusYears(long)
with the amount
multiplied by 100.
MILLENNIA
-
Returns a YearMonth
with the specified number of millennia added.
This is equivalent to calling plusYears(long)
with the amount
multiplied by 1,000.
ERAS
-
Returns a YearMonth
with the specified number of eras added.
Only two eras are supported so the amount must be one, zero or minus one.
If the amount is non-zero then the year is changed such that the year-of-era
is unchanged.
All other ChronoUnit
instances will throw an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException
.
If the field is not a ChronoUnit
, then the result of this method
is obtained by invoking TemporalUnit.addTo(Temporal, long)
passing this
as the argument. In this case, the unit determines
whether and how to perform the addition.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
plus
in interface Temporal
amountToAdd
- the amount of the unit to add to the result, may be negativeunit
- the unit of the amount to add, not nullYearMonth
based on this year-month with the specified amount added, not nullDateTimeException
- if the addition cannot be madeUnsupportedTemporalTypeException
- if the unit is not supportedpublic YearMonth plus(TemporalAmount amountToAdd)
This returns a YearMonth
, based on this one, with the specified amount added.
The amount is typically Period
but may be any other type implementing
the TemporalAmount
interface.
The calculation is delegated to the amount object by calling
TemporalAmount.addTo(Temporal)
. The amount implementation is free
to implement the addition in any way it wishes, however it typically
calls back to plus(long, TemporalUnit)
. Consult the documentation
of the amount implementation to determine if it can be successfully added.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
plus
in interface Temporal
amountToAdd
- the amount to add, not nullYearMonth
based on this year-month with the addition made, not nullDateTimeException
- if the addition cannot be madepublic YearMonth plusMonths(long monthsToAdd)
YearMonth
with the specified number of months added.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
monthsToAdd
- the months to add, may be negativeYearMonth
based on this year-month with the months added, not nullDateTimeException
- if the result exceeds the supported rangepublic YearMonth plusYears(long yearsToAdd)
YearMonth
with the specified number of years added.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
yearsToAdd
- the years to add, may be negativeYearMonth
based on this year-month with the years added, not nullDateTimeException
- if the result exceeds the supported range@Nullable public <R> R query(TemporalQuery<R> query)
This queries this year-month using the specified query strategy object.
The TemporalQuery
object defines the logic to be used to
obtain the result. Read the documentation of the query to understand
what the result of this method will be.
The result of this method is obtained by invoking the
TemporalQuery.queryFrom(TemporalAccessor)
method on the
specified query passing this
as the argument.
query
in interface TemporalAccessor
R
- the type of the resultquery
- the query to invoke, not nullDateTimeException
- if unable to query (defined by the query)public ValueRange range(TemporalField field)
The range object expresses the minimum and maximum valid values for a field. This year-month is used to enhance the accuracy of the returned range. If it is not possible to return the range, because the field is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
If the field is a ChronoField
then the query is implemented here.
The supported fields
will return
appropriate range instances.
All other ChronoField
instances will throw an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException
.
If the field is not a ChronoField
, then the result of this method
is obtained by invoking TemporalField.rangeRefinedBy(TemporalAccessor)
passing this
as the argument.
Whether the range can be obtained is determined by the field.
range
in interface TemporalAccessor
field
- the field to query the range for, not nullDateTimeException
- if the range for the field cannot be obtainedUnsupportedTemporalTypeException
- if the field is not supportedpublic String toString()
String
, such as 2007-12
.
The output will be in the format uuuu-MM
:
public long until(Temporal endExclusive, TemporalUnit unit)
This calculates the amount of time between two YearMonth
objects in terms of a single TemporalUnit
.
The start and end points are this
and the specified year-month.
The result will be negative if the end is before the start.
The Temporal
passed to this method is converted to a
YearMonth
using from(TemporalAccessor)
.
For example, the amount in years between two year-months can be calculated
using startYearMonth.until(endYearMonth, YEARS)
.
The calculation returns a whole number, representing the number of complete units between the two year-months. For example, the amount in decades between 2012-06 and 2032-05 will only be one decade as it is one month short of two decades.
There are two equivalent ways of using this method.
The first is to invoke this method.
The second is to use TemporalUnit.between(Temporal, Temporal)
:
// these two lines are equivalent amount = start.until(end, MONTHS); amount = MONTHS.between(start, end);The choice should be made based on which makes the code more readable.
The calculation is implemented in this method for ChronoUnit
.
The units MONTHS
, YEARS
, DECADES
,
CENTURIES
, MILLENNIA
and ERAS
are supported.
Other ChronoUnit
values will throw an exception.
If the unit is not a ChronoUnit
, then the result of this method
is obtained by invoking TemporalUnit.between(Temporal, Temporal)
passing this
as the first argument and the converted input temporal
as the second argument.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
until
in interface Temporal
endExclusive
- the end date, exclusive, which is converted to a YearMonth
, not nullunit
- the unit to measure the amount in, not nullDateTimeException
- if the amount cannot be calculated, or the end
temporal cannot be converted to a YearMonth
UnsupportedTemporalTypeException
- if the unit is not supportedpublic YearMonth with(TemporalAdjuster adjuster)
This returns a YearMonth
, based on this one, with the year-month adjusted.
The adjustment takes place using the specified adjuster strategy object.
Read the documentation of the adjuster to understand what adjustment will be made.
A simple adjuster might simply set the one of the fields, such as the year field. A more complex adjuster might set the year-month to the next month that Halley's comet will pass the Earth.
The result of this method is obtained by invoking the
TemporalAdjuster.adjustInto(Temporal)
method on the
specified adjuster passing this
as the argument.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
with
in interface Temporal
adjuster
- the adjuster to use, not nullYearMonth
based on this
with the adjustment made, not nullDateTimeException
- if the adjustment cannot be madepublic YearMonth with(TemporalField field, long newValue)
This returns a YearMonth
, based on this one, with the value
for the specified field changed.
This can be used to change any supported field, such as the year or month.
If it is not possible to set the value, because the field is not supported or for
some other reason, an exception is thrown.
If the field is a ChronoField
then the adjustment is implemented here.
The supported fields behave as follows:
MONTH_OF_YEAR
-
Returns a YearMonth
with the specified month-of-year.
The year will be unchanged.
PROLEPTIC_MONTH
-
Returns a YearMonth
with the specified proleptic-month.
This completely replaces the year and month of this object.
YEAR_OF_ERA
-
Returns a YearMonth
with the specified year-of-era
The month and era will be unchanged.
YEAR
-
Returns a YearMonth
with the specified year.
The month will be unchanged.
ERA
-
Returns a YearMonth
with the specified era.
The month and year-of-era will be unchanged.
In all cases, if the new value is outside the valid range of values for the field
then a DateTimeException
will be thrown.
All other ChronoField
instances will throw an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException
.
If the field is not a ChronoField
, then the result of this method
is obtained by invoking TemporalField.adjustInto(Temporal, long)
passing this
as the argument. In this case, the field determines
whether and how to adjust the instant.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
with
in interface Temporal
field
- the field to set in the result, not nullnewValue
- the new value of the field in the resultYearMonth
based on this
with the specified field set, not nullDateTimeException
- if the field cannot be setUnsupportedTemporalTypeException
- if the field is not supportedpublic YearMonth withMonth(int month)
YearMonth
with the month-of-year altered.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
month
- the month-of-year to set in the returned year-month, from 1 (January) to 12 (December)YearMonth
based on this year-month with the requested month, not nullDateTimeException
- if the month-of-year value is invalidpublic YearMonth withYear(int year)
YearMonth
with the year altered.
This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
year
- the year to set in the returned year-month, from MIN_YEAR to MAX_YEARYearMonth
based on this year-month with the requested year, not nullDateTimeException
- if the year value is invalid