java.net

Class ServerSocket

java.lang.Object

java.net.ServerSocket

All Implemented Interfaces:

Closeable, AutoCloseable

Direct Known Subclasses:

SSLServerSocket

public class ServerSocket
extends Object
implements Closeable

This class implements server sockets. A server socket waits for requests to come in over the network. It performs some operation based on that request, and then possibly returns a result to the requester.

The actual work of the server socket is performed by an instance of the SocketImpl class. An application can change the socket factory that creates the socket implementation to configure itself to create sockets appropriate to the local firewall.

Since:

JDK1.0

Author:

unascribed

Constructor Summary

Constructors

Constructor and Description
ServerSocket() Creates an unbound server socket.
ServerSocket(int port) Creates a server socket, bound to the specified port.
ServerSocket(int port, int backlog) Creates a server socket and binds it to the specified local port number, with the specified backlog.
ServerSocket(int port, int backlog, InetAddress bindAddr) Create a server with the specified port, listen backlog, and local IP address to bind to.

Method Summary

Modifier and Type	Method and Description
Socket	accept() Listens for a connection to be made to this socket and accepts it.
void	bind(SocketAddress endpoint) Binds the ServerSocket to a specific address (IP address and port number).
void	bind(SocketAddress endpoint, int backlog) Binds the ServerSocket to a specific address (IP address and port number).
void	close() Closes this socket.
InetAddress	getInetAddress() Returns the local address of this server socket.
int	getLocalPort() Returns the port number on which this socket is listening.
SocketAddress	getLocalSocketAddress() Returns the address of the endpoint this socket is bound to.
int	getReceiveBufferSize() Gets the value of the SO_RCVBUF option for this ServerSocket, that is the proposed buffer size that will be used for Sockets accepted from this ServerSocket.
boolean	getReuseAddress() Tests if SO_REUSEADDR is enabled.
int	getSoTimeout() Retrieve setting for SO_TIMEOUT.
boolean	isBound() Returns the binding state of the ServerSocket.
boolean	isClosed() Returns the closed state of the ServerSocket.
void	setReceiveBufferSize(int size) Sets a default proposed value for the SO_RCVBUF option for sockets accepted from this ServerSocket.
void	setReuseAddress(boolean on) Enable/disable the SO_REUSEADDR socket option.
void	setSoTimeout(int timeout) Enable/disable SO_TIMEOUT with the specified timeout, in milliseconds.
String	toString() Returns the implementation address and implementation port of this socket as a String.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Constructor Detail

ServerSocket

public ServerSocket()
             throws IOException

Creates an unbound server socket.

Throws:

IOException - IO error when opening the socket.

ServerSocket

public ServerSocket(int port)
             throws IOException

Creates a server socket, bound to the specified port. A port number of 0 means that the port number is automatically allocated, typically from an ephemeral port range. This port number can then be retrieved by calling getLocalPort.

The maximum queue length for incoming connection indications (a request to connect) is set to 50. If a connection indication arrives when the queue is full, the connection is refused.

If the application has specified a server socket factory, that factory's createSocketImpl method is called to create the actual socket implementation. Otherwise a "plain" socket is created.

If there is a security manager, its checkListen method is called with the port argument as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. This could result in a SecurityException.

Parameters:

port - the port number, or 0 to use a port number that is automatically allocated.

Throws:

IOException - if an I/O error occurs when opening the socket.

SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkListen method doesn't allow the operation.

IllegalArgumentException - if the port parameter is outside the specified range of valid port values, which is between 0 and 65535, inclusive.

ServerSocket

public ServerSocket(int port,
                    int backlog)
             throws IOException

Creates a server socket and binds it to the specified local port number, with the specified backlog. A port number of 0 means that the port number is automatically allocated, typically from an ephemeral port range. This port number can then be retrieved by calling getLocalPort.

The maximum queue length for incoming connection indications (a request to connect) is set to the backlog parameter. If a connection indication arrives when the queue is full, the connection is refused.

If the application has specified a server socket factory, that factory's createSocketImpl method is called to create the actual socket implementation. Otherwise a "plain" socket is created.

If there is a security manager, its checkListen method is called with the port argument as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. This could result in a SecurityException. The backlog argument is the requested maximum number of pending connections on the socket. Its exact semantics are implementation specific. In particular, an implementation may impose a maximum length or may choose to ignore the parameter altogther. The value provided should be greater than 0. If it is less than or equal to 0, then an implementation specific default will be used.

Parameters:

port - the port number, or 0 to use a port number that is automatically allocated.

backlog - requested maximum length of the queue of incoming connections.

Throws:

IOException - if an I/O error occurs when opening the socket.

SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkListen method doesn't allow the operation.

IllegalArgumentException - if the port parameter is outside the specified range of valid port values, which is between 0 and 65535, inclusive.

ServerSocket

public ServerSocket(int port,
                    int backlog,
                    @Nullable
                    InetAddress bindAddr)
             throws IOException

Create a server with the specified port, listen backlog, and local IP address to bind to. The bindAddr argument can be used on a multi-homed host for a ServerSocket that will only accept connect requests to one of its addresses. If bindAddr is null, it will default accepting connections on any/all local addresses. The port must be between 0 and 65535, inclusive. A port number of 0 means that the port number is automatically allocated, typically from an ephemeral port range. This port number can then be retrieved by calling getLocalPort.

If there is a security manager, this method calls its checkListen method with the port argument as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. This could result in a SecurityException. The backlog argument is the requested maximum number of pending connections on the socket. Its exact semantics are implementation specific. In particular, an implementation may impose a maximum length or may choose to ignore the parameter altogther. The value provided should be greater than 0. If it is less than or equal to 0, then an implementation specific default will be used.

Parameters:

port - the port number, or 0 to use a port number that is automatically allocated.

backlog - requested maximum length of the queue of incoming connections.

bindAddr - the local InetAddress the server will bind to

Throws:

SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkListen method doesn't allow the operation.

IOException - if an I/O error occurs when opening the socket.

IllegalArgumentException - if the port parameter is outside the specified range of valid port values, which is between 0 and 65535, inclusive.

Since:

JDK1.1

See Also:

SocketOptions

Method Detail

accept

public Socket accept()
              throws IOException

Listens for a connection to be made to this socket and accepts it. The method blocks until a connection is made.

A new Socket s is created and, if there is a security manager, the security manager's checkAccept method is called with s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress() and s.getPort() as its arguments to ensure the operation is allowed. This could result in a SecurityException.

Returns:

the new Socket

Throws:

IOException - if an I/O error occurs when waiting for a connection.

SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkAccept method doesn't allow the operation.

SocketTimeoutException - if a timeout was previously set with setSoTimeout and the timeout has been reached.

bind

public void bind(@Nullable
                 SocketAddress endpoint)
          throws IOException

Binds the ServerSocket to a specific address (IP address and port number).

If the address is null, then the system will pick up an ephemeral port and a valid local address to bind the socket.

Parameters:

endpoint - The IP address and port number to bind to.

Throws:

IOException - if the bind operation fails, or if the socket is already bound.

SecurityException - if a SecurityManager is present and its checkListen method doesn't allow the operation.

IllegalArgumentException - if endpoint is a SocketAddress subclass not supported by this socket

Since:

1.4

bind

public void bind(@Nullable
                 SocketAddress endpoint,
                 int backlog)
          throws IOException

Binds the ServerSocket to a specific address (IP address and port number).

If the address is null, then the system will pick up an ephemeral port and a valid local address to bind the socket.

The backlog argument is the requested maximum number of pending connections on the socket. Its exact semantics are implementation specific. In particular, an implementation may impose a maximum length or may choose to ignore the parameter altogther. The value provided should be greater than 0. If it is less than or equal to 0, then an implementation specific default will be used.

Parameters:

endpoint - The IP address and port number to bind to.

backlog - requested maximum length of the queue of incoming connections.

Throws:

IOException - if the bind operation fails, or if the socket is already bound.

SecurityException - if a SecurityManager is present and its checkListen method doesn't allow the operation.

IllegalArgumentException - if endpoint is a SocketAddress subclass not supported by this socket

Since:

1.4

close

public void close()
           throws IOException

Closes this socket. Any thread currently blocked in accept() will throw a SocketException.

If this socket has an associated channel then the channel is closed as well.

Specified by:

close in interface Closeable

Specified by:

close in interface AutoCloseable

Throws:

IOException - if an I/O error occurs when closing the socket.

getInetAddress

@Nullable
public InetAddress getInetAddress()

Returns the local address of this server socket.

If the socket was bound prior to being closed, then this method will continue to return the local address after the socket is closed.

If there is a security manager set, its checkConnect method is called with the local address and -1 as its arguments to see if the operation is allowed.

Returns:

the address to which this socket is bound, or null if the socket is unbound.

getLocalPort

public int getLocalPort()

Returns the port number on which this socket is listening.

If the socket was bound prior to being closed, then this method will continue to return the port number after the socket is closed.

Returns:

the port number to which this socket is listening or -1 if the socket is not bound yet.

getLocalSocketAddress

@Nullable
public SocketAddress getLocalSocketAddress()

Returns the address of the endpoint this socket is bound to.

If the socket was bound prior to being closed, then this method will continue to return the address of the endpoint after the socket is closed.

If there is a security manager set, its checkConnect method is called with the local address and -1 as its arguments to see if the operation is allowed.

Returns:

a SocketAddress representing the local endpoint of this socket, or null if the socket is not bound yet.

Since:

1.4

See Also:

getInetAddress(), getLocalPort(), bind(SocketAddress)

getReceiveBufferSize

public int getReceiveBufferSize()
                         throws SocketException

Gets the value of the SO_RCVBUF option for this ServerSocket, that is the proposed buffer size that will be used for Sockets accepted from this ServerSocket.

Note, the value actually set in the accepted socket is determined by calling Socket.getReceiveBufferSize().

Returns:

the value of the SO_RCVBUF option for this Socket.

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as a TCP error.

Since:

1.4

See Also:

setReceiveBufferSize(int)

getReuseAddress

public boolean getReuseAddress()
                        throws SocketException

Tests if SO_REUSEADDR is enabled.

Returns:

a boolean indicating whether or not SO_REUSEADDR is enabled.

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as a TCP error.

Since:

1.4

See Also:

setReuseAddress(boolean)

getSoTimeout

public int getSoTimeout()
                 throws IOException

Retrieve setting for SO_TIMEOUT. 0 returns implies that the option is disabled (i.e., timeout of infinity).

Returns:

the SO_TIMEOUT value

Throws:

IOException - if an I/O error occurs

Since:

JDK1.1

See Also:

setSoTimeout(int)

isBound

public boolean isBound()

Returns the binding state of the ServerSocket.

Returns:

true if the ServerSocket successfully bound to an address

Since:

1.4

isClosed

public boolean isClosed()

Returns the closed state of the ServerSocket.

Returns:

true if the socket has been closed

Since:

1.4

setReceiveBufferSize

public void setReceiveBufferSize(int size)
                          throws SocketException

Sets a default proposed value for the SO_RCVBUF option for sockets accepted from this ServerSocket. The value actually set in the accepted socket must be determined by calling Socket.getReceiveBufferSize() after the socket is returned by accept().

The value of SO_RCVBUF is used both to set the size of the internal socket receive buffer, and to set the size of the TCP receive window that is advertized to the remote peer.

It is possible to change the value subsequently, by calling Socket.setReceiveBufferSize(int). However, if the application wishes to allow a receive window larger than 64K bytes, as defined by RFC1323 then the proposed value must be set in the ServerSocket before it is bound to a local address. This implies, that the ServerSocket must be created with the no-argument constructor, then setReceiveBufferSize() must be called and lastly the ServerSocket is bound to an address by calling bind().

Failure to do this will not cause an error, and the buffer size may be set to the requested value but the TCP receive window in sockets accepted from this ServerSocket will be no larger than 64K bytes.

Parameters:

size - the size to which to set the receive buffer size. This value must be greater than 0.

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as a TCP error.

IllegalArgumentException - if the value is 0 or is negative.

Since:

1.4

See Also:

getReceiveBufferSize()

setReuseAddress

public void setReuseAddress(boolean on)
                     throws SocketException

Enable/disable the SO_REUSEADDR socket option.

When a TCP connection is closed the connection may remain in a timeout state for a period of time after the connection is closed (typically known as the TIME_WAIT state or 2MSL wait state). For applications using a well known socket address or port it may not be possible to bind a socket to the required SocketAddress if there is a connection in the timeout state involving the socket address or port.

Enabling SO_REUSEADDR prior to binding the socket using bind(SocketAddress) allows the socket to be bound even though a previous connection is in a timeout state.

When a ServerSocket is created the initial setting of SO_REUSEADDR is not defined. Applications can use getReuseAddress() to determine the initial setting of SO_REUSEADDR.

The behaviour when SO_REUSEADDR is enabled or disabled after a socket is bound (See isBound()) is not defined.

Parameters:

on - whether to enable or disable the socket option

Throws:

SocketException - if an error occurs enabling or disabling the SO_REUSEADDR socket option, or the socket is closed.

Since:

1.4

See Also:

getReuseAddress(), bind(SocketAddress), isBound(), isClosed()

setSoTimeout

public void setSoTimeout(int timeout)
                  throws SocketException

Enable/disable SO_TIMEOUT with the specified timeout, in milliseconds. With this option set to a non-zero timeout, a call to accept() for this ServerSocket will block for only this amount of time. If the timeout expires, a java.net.SocketTimeoutException is raised, though the ServerSocket is still valid. The option must be enabled prior to entering the blocking operation to have effect. The timeout must be > 0. A timeout of zero is interpreted as an infinite timeout.

Parameters:

timeout - the specified timeout, in milliseconds

Throws:

SocketException - if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as a TCP error.

Since:

JDK1.1

See Also:

getSoTimeout()

toString

public String toString()

Returns the implementation address and implementation port of this socket as a String.

If there is a security manager set, its checkConnect method is called with the local address and -1 as its arguments to see if the operation is allowed.

Overrides:

toString in class Object

Returns:

a string representation of this socket.